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Milk River Natural Area
Milk River Natural Area is a provincially designated protected area in the southeastern corner of the province of Alberta, Canada, approximately 160 km south of the city of Medicine Hat. It lies primarily in the County of Forty Mile with a small portion in southwest Cypress County. On the Alberta Township System (ATS) grid it is located in portions of Township 1, Range 5 and 6, and Township 2, Range 6, west of the Fourth Meridian.
At 5,344 ha (13,205 acres), Milk River was designated in June 1987 as an Order-in-Council Natural Area for conservation purposes under the Wilderness Areas, Ecological Reserves, Natural Areas and Heritage Rangelands Act and is Alberta's 100th Natural Area.〔Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation. Milk River Natural Area. (Online) http://www.albertaparks.ca/milk-river.aspx. Accessed April 9, 2014.〕 It is owned by the provincial government as Public Land and administered by the Cypress District Office of Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation. Milk River Natural Area sits on the international border with the United States with Montana to the south, and is adjacent to the Kennedy Coulee Ecological Reserve to the west, with Pinhorn Provincial Grazing Reserve just beyond Kennedy Coulee. Other protected areas nearby include the Onefour Heritage Rangeland, Writing-on-Stone Provincial Park, and Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park. Access to Milk River Natural Area is challenging due to its remoteness and weather conditions: local roads and trails are impassable during or after wet weather, there is little to no cell phone coverage, and permission must be obtained when crossing grazing lease areas.〔Berndt, Darwyn. Resource Management Coordinator, Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation (personal communications April 2014).〕 However, this has helped maintain the area's relatively undisturbed condition and protected it from significant human impact. Canoes, kayaks, and inflatable rafts on float trips occasionally ply the waters of the Milk River through the Natural Area. While "no-trace" camping is permitted, it is not encouraged, and there are no visitor facilities provided.
== Natural and human history ==
Geologically, the Milk River Natural Area is part of the Oldman and Foremost Formations, consisting of sandstone, siltstone, and carbonaceous shale, with isolated occurrences of igneous Sweetgrass Hills intrusives.〔Milk River Watershed Council Canada. 2013. Milk River Transboundary State of the Watershed Report, 2nd Edition. Compiled by Palliser Environmental Services Ltd. and prepared for Milk River Watershed Council Canada (Alberta) in collaboration with the Milk River Watershed Alliance (Montana). Milk River, Alberta.〕〔Hood, T., and J. Gould. Operational Management Plan Milk River Natural Area and Kennedy Coulee Ecological Reserve. 1992. Government of Alberta Forestry, Lands and Wildlife Public Lands Division. Pub No. T/250.〕 The most prominent feature of the natural area is the Milk River Canyon. At up to 1,500 meters wide and 150 meters deep, it is the deepest in the Canadian plains.〔Lockerbie, Cameron. Park Ecologist, Alberta Tourism, Parks, and Recreation. (personal communications April 2014).〕 One of only five exposed igneous dikes in the Canadian plains, nicknamed the "Rooster Comb" for its distinctive size and shape, lies in the natural area. The Milk River itself is the only river in Alberta that flows to the Gulf of Mexico, joining the Missouri River near Nashua, Montana. Throughout the region lie a multitude of Cretaceous-era dinosaur fossils, as well as many archaeological sites, a legacy of the Blackfoot indigenous people who hunted, gathered, and camped in the area prior to European contact.〔 Findings of projectile points indicate the area has likely been sporadically inhabited since the end of the last glaciation.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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